The 1996-2005 wars over control of Sudan’s oil fields caused unspeakable suffering to the population. As part of its justice-and-peace agenda, the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) established an entitlement to compensation for people whose rights have been violated during the oil wars. But no justice has been done. Meanwhile, inhabitants are disgruntled and angry with the oil industry. Their grievances must be addressed. A domestic legal process would be unrealistic. Therefore, the European Coalition on Oil in Sudan calls upon the parties to the post-referendum negotiations to confirm their people’s unalienable right to compensation and to agree to international arbitration to ensure that justice will be done.